Effect of surfactant types on the size of tin oxide nanoparticles

Abstract

In this study, tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method in the presence of hydrazine and ammonia by adding surfactant for 12 h in a Teflon autoclave at 100°C reaction temperature. Tin(II) chloride hydrate as an inorganic precursor, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), and tetrapropyl ammonium bromide (TPAB) as cationic, and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) as anionic surfactants were used. The results showed that the size and shape of nanoparticles depended on the surfactant types. The nanoparticles sizes between 17.5 and 19.7 nm were obtained by changing types of surfactants. Synthesized tin oxide nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.