Pre-Classical Habitation at Tlos, Lycia

Abstract

In this paper we present the results of analysis of pre-Classical finds recently discovered during archaeological excavations in the area of the stadium on the eastern outskirts of the acropolis of Tlos in Lycia. These excavations have helped us identify at least two cultural layers pre-dating the Early Iron Age layer beneath the remains of the Hellenistic stadium: the first layer dates to the early phase of the Middle Chalcolithic sometime around the early fifth millennium BC, while the other represents the Late Bronze Age. Recovery of finds representing the Late Bronze Age at Tlos now complements studies aiming to prove that the lands of the Lukka were not void of habitation during this period. This evidence could also be used in favor of theories equating the Dalawa/Talawa mentioned in Hittite records with Tlos (Lycian Tlawa). The prominent position of Tlos overlooking the northern part of the Xanthus River valley, a natural route between the Lycian coast and its hinterland, was an important factor that made the site favorable for habitation for millennia.